大家好！上次我们探索了博士的可迁移技能，而今天我们将要来探索一下具体的非学术界职位。
工业界、科技公司
虽然非学术界工作还是被部分学术圈内的人称为“alternative career”，但也有越来越多的业内人士、尤其是工业界的公司意识到了博士训练的价值，会在招聘中看重有博士学位的候选人。甚至有些senior岗位的minimum requirement就是phd学位起步，或是有phd学位对工作经验的要求就会小很多，比如：
- Google, Social Scientist
- PhD degree in Sociology, Anthropology, Social Work, Education, Human Computer Interaction, Informatics, Science and Technology studies in a related field, or equivalent practical experience.
- Google, Research Scientist
- PhD in Computer Science, Engineering, Statistics, or a related field with a focus on sociotechnical systems, or equivalent practical experience.
- Microsoft, Senior UX Researcher
- Advanced degree in psychology, Human-Computer Interactions, human factors (HF engineering OR HF psychology), industrial engineering, or a related field.
- Facebook, Research Scientist
- Master’s or Ph.D. in the social sciences (e.g., Economics, Political Science, Sociology, Psychology, Communication), or in a quantitative field (e.g., Statistics, Informatics, Econometrics) with experience answering social questions
- Facebook, People Research Scientist
- PhD, or MS in a field emphasizing people research in organizations (e.g., Industrial/Organizational Psychology, Organizational Behavior, Economics, Management, Public Health, Sociology, Policy Analysis, Education, Political Science, etc.). Candidates from adjacent disciplines will also be considered
高校
- Tufts University, Data/Research Analyst - Institutional Research
- Master’s degree or higher in education, public health, statistics, computer science, data science, or related field
非盈利机构（NGO）、政府
- American Institutes for Research, Managing Researcher
- PhD in sociology, psychology, economics, education or a relevant field with a minimum of 10 years managing and conducting research, evaluations, and related work.
- American Institutes for Research, Quantitative Researcher
- PhD in education, psychology, sociology, psychology or other related field, or Masters degree with 4-7 years of relevant work experience
以上是我随手找的一些适合社科博士的例子，感兴趣的朋友可以点进去看看具体的职位要求（招聘广告应该都是有时效性的，看到有用的信息建议写成笔记保存）。以上职位的title共性是“researcher”, “scientist”。这一类的职位会尤其看重教育背景，因此博士的持有人就会更有优势。
逐一查看这些岗位的要求，我发现它们对候选人的期待有以下共性：
- 很多岗位会强调mixed method，比如：
“multiple research methodologies, including both qualitative (ethnographic, archival, interview-based) and quantitative (survey-based, statistical, computational) methods” - 某些针对博士的岗还是会看first-author publication/presentation/award的，目的主要是证明有独立研究的能力+在业内有一定影响力
- 最常提到的一些具体技能：R/STATA/SPSS/SAS，SQL，Python，experience with large datasets